חָשַׂךְchâsak
withhold, refrain
Pronunciation: khaw-sak' · Hebrew/Aramaic (Old Testament) · H2820
Meanings
Qal
1.
a. withhold, keep back, keep for oneself (Genesis 22:12; Genesis 22:16; Genesis 39:9)
b. keep one from evil, calamity, She'ôl, etc. (Genesis 20:6; 1 Samuel 25:39; Psalms 19:14)
c. hold in check (2 Samuel 18:16; Jeremiah 14:10; Job 7:11)
d. refrain (from doing what is mentioned in the context) (Isaiah 54:2; Isaiah 58:1)
e. spare (2 Kings 5:20; 2 Samuel 18:16)
f. reserve (Job 38:23)
2. (absolute) restrain, check (pain) i.e. assuage (Job 16:5; Ezekiel 30:18)
Niph`al: is spared, be assuaged, (passive of Qal 1.e.), of pain (passive of Qal 2) (Job 21:30; Job 16:6)
Same root
Where it appears
Appears 28 times in the Bible.
- Genesis 20:6 In the dream God responded, “Yes, I know you are innocent. That’s why I kept you from sinning against me, and why I did not let you touch her.
- Genesis 22:12 “Don’t lay a hand on the boy!” the angel said. “Do not hurt him in any way, for now I know that you truly fear God. You have not withheld from me even your son, your only son.”
- Genesis 22:16 “This is what the Lord says: Because you have obeyed me and have not withheld even your son, your only son, I swear by my own name that
- Genesis 39:9 No one here has more authority than I do. He has held back nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. How could I do such a wicked thing? It would be a great sin against God.”
- 1 Samuel 25:39 When David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, “Praise the Lord, who has avenged the insult I received from Nabal and has kept me from doing it myself. Nabal has received the punishment for his sin.” Then David sent messengers to Abigail to ask her to become his wife.
- 2 Samuel 18:16 Then Joab blew the ram’s horn, and his men returned from chasing the army of Israel.
Source: Brown, Driver and Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain; markup by unfoldingWord, CC BY (github.com/unfoldingWord/Brown-Driver-Briggs-Enhanced).