κατάkatá

I. C. genitive (WM, § 47, k; Bl., § 42, 2).

1. C. genitive of thing, in local sense

(a) down, down from: Matthew 8:32, Mark 5:13, Luke 8:33, 1 Corinthians 11:4

(b) throughout (late usage; Bl., § 42, 2): κ. ὅλης κ.τ.λ., Luke 4:14, Luke 23:5, Acts 9:31, Acts 10:37

(c) in a peculiar adjectival phrase: ἡ κ. βάθους πτωχεία, deep or extreme poverty, 2 Corinthians 8:2.

2. C. genitive of person, usually in hostile sense

(a) against (in classical Greek only after verbs of speaking, witnessing, etc.): opposed to ὑπέρ, Mark 9:40; μετά, Matthew 12:30; after ἐπιθυμεῖν, Galatians 5:17; λαλεῖν, Acts 6:13; διδάσκειν, Acts 21:28; ψεύδεσθαι, James 3:14; after verbs of accusing, etc., Matthew 5:23, Luke 23:14, Romans 8:33, and elsewhere; verbs of fighting, prevailing, etc., Matthew 10:35, Acts 14:2, 1 Corinthians 4:6, and elsewhere

(b) of swearing, by: ὄμνυμι κ. (Bl., § 34, 1), Hebrews 6:13, Hebrews 6:16, cf. Matthew 26:63.

II. C. accusative (WM, § 49 d; Bl., § 42, 2).

1. Of motion or direction

(a) through, throughout: Luke 8:39, Luke 9:6, Luke 10:4, Acts 8:1, Acts 8:36, and elsewhere

(b) to, towards, over against: Luke 10:32, Acts 2:10, Acts 16:7, Galatians 2:11, Philippians 3:14, and elsewhere

(c) in adverbial phrases, at, in, by, of: κατ’ οἶκον, at home, Acts 2:46; κατ’ ἰδίαν (see ἴδιος); καθ’ ἑαυτόν, Acts 28:16, Romans 14:22, James 2:17; with pron. person, Acts 17:28, Acts 18:15, Romans 1:15, Ephesians 1:15, and elsewhere

2. Of time, at, during, about: Acts 8:26, Acts 12:1, Acts 19:23, Romans 9:9, Hebrews 1:10, and elsewhere

3. Distributive

(a) of place: κ. τόποὐς, Matthew 24:7, and elsewhere; κ. πόλιν, Luke 8:1, Luke 8:4, and elsewhere; κ. ἐκκλησίαν, Acts 14:23

(b) of time: κ. ἔτος, Luke 2:41; ἑορτήν, Matthew 27:15, and elsewhere

(c) of numbers, etc.: καθ’ ἕνα πάντες, 1 Corinthians 14:31 (on καθ’ εἷς, see εἷς); κ. ἑκατόν, Mark 6:40; κ. μέρος, Hebrews 9:5; κ. ὄνομα, John 10:3.

4. Of fitness, reference, conformity, etc.

(a) in relation to, concerning: Romans 1:3, Romans 1:4, Romans 7:22, Romans 9:3, Romans 9:5, 1 Corinthians 1:26, 1 Corinthians 10:18, Philippians 1:12; κ. πάντα, Acts 17:22, Colossians 3:20, Colossians 3:22, Hebrews 2:17, Hebrews 4:15

(b) according to, after, like: Mark 7:5, Luke 2:27, Luke 2:29, John 7:24, Romans 8:4, Romans 14:15, Ephesians 2:2, Colossians 2:8, James 2:8, and elsewhere

III. In composition, κ. denotes

1. down, down from (καταβαίνω, etc.), hence, metaphorically

(a) victory or rule over (καταδουλόω, -κυριεύω, etc.)

(b) "perfective" action.

2. under (κατακαλύπτω, etc.).

3. in succession (καθεξῆς).

4. after, behind (καταλείπω).

5. Hostility, against (καταλαλέω).