εἶeî

I. As substantive verb.

1. Of persons and things, to be, exist: Acts 17:28, John 1:1, John 8:58, John 17:5, al; ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν (for past participle), Revelation 1:4, Revelation 1:8, Revelation 4:8, Revelation 11:17, Revelation 16:5; τὰ (μὴ) ὄντα, Romans 4:17, 1 Corinthians 1:28.

2. Of times, events, etc., to be, happen, take place: Matthew 24:3, Mark 14:2, Mark 15:42, Luke 21:23, John 4:6, John 4:23, John 5:10, and elsewhere

3. to be present, be in a place, have come: Matthew 2:13, Matthew 2:15, Mark 1:45, Mark 5:21, Mark 15:40, Luke 1:80, Luke 5:29, John 7:30, and elsewhere; followed by εἰς, Mark 2:1; followed by ἐκ, (ἐξ), Matthew 1:20, Matthew 21:25, Mark 11:30, John 3:31, and elsewhere

4. Impers., ἔστι, ἦν, etc.

(a) there is (Fr. il y a), was, etc.: Matthew 16:28, Luke 16:19, John 3:1, John 5:2, Romans 3:10, and elsewhere; with dative (of the possessor; Bl., §37, 3), Matthew 16:22, Luke 1:7, John 18:10, Romans 9:2, and elsewhere; ἔστιν ὅς, ὅστις (chiefly in pl), Matthew 16:28, Matthew 19:2, Mark 9:1, and elsewhere

(b) with infinitive, = ἔξεστιν (see that word), it is possible: Hebrews 9:5, 1 Corinthians 11:20, RV (but see ICC, in l.).

II. As copula uniting subject and predicate.

1. Expressing simply identity or equivalence: Matthew 5:13, Matthew 14:15, Luke 1:18, Luke 1:19, John 1:1, John 4:19, Revelation 3:9, and elsewhere many times

2. Explicative, as in parable, figure, type, etc.: Matthew 13:19, 1 Corinthians 9:2, 1 Corinthians 10:4, 1 Corinthians 11:25, Galatians 4:24, Revelation 17:15, and elsewhere; τοῦτ’ ἔστιν, Matthew 27:46, Mark 7:2, Romans 7:18 and elsewhere; ὅ ἐστιν, Mark 3:17, Colossians 1:24, Hebrews 7:2, and elsewhere; akin to this is the sacramental usage: Matthew 26:26-28, Mark 14:22, Mark 14:24, Luke 22:19, 1 Corinthians 11:24.

3. C. genitive: qual., etc., Mark 5:42, Luke 3:23, 1 Corinthians 14:33, Hebrews 12:11, and elsewhere; part., 1 Timothy 1:20, 2 Timothy 1:15; poss., Matthew 5:3, Matthew 5:10, Mark 12:7, Luke 4:7; of service or partisanship, Romans 8:9, 1 Corinthians 1:12, 2 Corinthians 10:7, 2 Timothy 2:19.

4. C. dative (BL, §37, 3): Acts 1:8, Acts 9:15, Romans 4:12, 1 Corinthians 1:18, 1 Corinthians 2:14, Revelation 21:7, and elsewhere

5. C. participle, as a periphrasis for the simple verb

(a) with participle perfect (classical Greek): Matthew 10:30, Luke 9:32, John 3:24, Acts 21:35, 1 Corinthians 15:19, al

(b) with participle pr., Matthew 7:29, Mark 1:22, Luke 4:31, Luke 14:1, Acts 1:10, and elsewhere many times, id. for imper., with ellipsis of εἰμί, Romans 12:9, Romans 12:10, Hebrews 13:5, and elsewhere

(c) with participle aorist (cl), Luke 23:9.

6. Seq. εἰς (cf. Heb. הָיָה לְ), a vernac. usage: Matthew 19:5, Mark 10:8, Hebrews 8:10, and elsewhere

7. C. adverb: Matthew 19:20, Mark 4:26, Luke 18:11, and elsewhere

8. Ellipses

(a) of the copula (Bl., §30, 3): Matthew 8:29, Matthew 24:32, John 21:22, John 21:23, Hebrews 6:4, and elsewhere

(b) of the predicate: ἐγώ εἰμί, Matthew 14:27, Mark 6:50, and elsewhere; absolutely (cf. Deuteronomy 32:39; אֲנִי הוּא), Mark 13:6, John 4:26, and elsewhere (cf. ἄπ-, ἔν-, πάρ-, συμ-πάρ-, σύν-ειμι).