עָצַבʻâtsab
עָצַב: hurt, pain, grieve
Pronunciation: aw-tsab' · Hebrew/Aramaic (Old Testament) · H6087
Meanings
Qal: pain, hurt (1 Kings 1:6; 2 Samuel 13:21; 1 Chronicles 4:10)
Niph`al: be pained (1 Samuel 20:24; 2 Samuel 19:3; 1 Samuel 20:3)
Pi`el: they vexed, my affairs they vex (Isaiah 63:10; Psalms 56:6)
Hiph`il: cause, pain (Psalms 78:40)
Hithpa`el: was vexed (Genesis 6:6; Genesis 34:7)
עָצַב: shape, fashion
Pi`el: thy hands shaped me (Job 10:8)
Hiph`il: to fashion her (Jeremiah 44:19)
Same root
- מַעֲצֵבָהmaʻătsêbâh · H4620anguish
- עֲצַבʻătsab · H6088to afflict
- עֶצֶבʻetseb · H6089an earthen vessel; usually (painful) toil; also a pang (whether of body or mind)
- עָצָבʻâtsâb · H6091an (idolatrous) image
- עָצֵבʻâtsêb · H6092a (hired) workman
- עִצָּבוֹןʻitstsâbôwn · H6093worrisomeness, i.e. labor or pain
- עַצֶּבֶתʻatstsebeth · H6094a idol; also, a pain or wound
Where it appears
Appears 17 times in the Bible.
- Genesis 6:6 So the Lord was sorry he had ever made them and put them on the earth. It broke his heart.
- Genesis 34:7 Meanwhile, Jacob’s sons had come in from the field as soon as they heard what had happened. They were shocked and furious that their sister had been raped. Shechem had done a disgraceful thing against Jacob’s family, something that should never be done.
- Genesis 45:5 But don’t be upset, and don’t be angry with yourselves for selling me to this place. It was God who sent me here ahead of you to preserve your lives.
- 1 Samuel 20:3 Then David took an oath before Jonathan and said, “Your father knows perfectly well about our friendship, so he has said to himself, ‘I won’t tell Jonathan—why should I hurt him?’ But I swear to you that I am only a step away from death! I swear it by the Lord and by your own soul!”
- 1 Samuel 20:34 Jonathan left the table in fierce anger and refused to eat on that second day of the festival, for he was crushed by his father’s shameful behavior toward David.
- 2 Samuel 19:2 As all the people heard of the king’s deep grief for his son, the joy of that day’s victory was turned into deep sadness.
Source: Brown, Driver and Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain; markup by unfoldingWord, CC BY (github.com/unfoldingWord/Brown-Driver-Briggs-Enhanced).