כָּשַׁלkâshal
stumble, stagger, totter
Pronunciation: kaw-shal' · Hebrew/Aramaic (Old Testament) · H3782
Meanings
Qal: active (Nehemiah 4:4; Hosea 5:5; Isaiah 3:8)
1. stumble (Nahum 3:3; Jeremiah 46:13; Leviticus 26:37)
2. totter (Isaiah 109:24; Isaiah 35:3; Job 4:4)
Niph`al
1. stumble, (= Qal) (Nahum 2:6; Isaiah 63:13; Jeremiah 31:9)
b. at, be overthrown (Proverbs 4:19; Proverbs 24:16; Ezekiel 33:12)
2. be tottering, feeble (Isaiah 40:30; Isaiah 40:31; 1 Samuel 2:4)
Pi`el: only apparent, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with Qr (Ezekiel 36:14)
Hiph`il
1. cause to stumble
a. bring injury, ruin to (Proverbs 4:16; Psalms 64:9)
b. cause overthrow (2 Chronicles 25:8; 2 Chronicles 28:23; Ezekiel 36:15)
2. make feeble, weak (Lamentations 1:14)
Hoph`al: and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Jeremiah 18:23; Ezekiel 21:20)
Same root
- כַּשִּׁילkashshîyl · H3781properly, a feller, i.e. an axe
- כִּשָּׁלוֹןkishshâlôwn · H3783properly, a tottering, i.e. ruin
- מִכְשׁוֹלmikshôwl · H4383a stumbling-block, literally or figuratively (obstacle, enticement (specifically an idol), scruple)
- מַכְשֵׁלָהmakshêlâh · H4384a stumbling-block, but only figuratively (fall, enticement (idol))
Where it appears
Appears 62 times in the Bible.
- Leviticus 26:37 Though no one is chasing you, you will stumble over each other as though fleeing from a sword. You will have no power to stand up against your enemies.
- 1 Samuel 2:4 The bow of the mighty is now broken, and those who stumbled are now strong.
- 2 Chronicles 25:8 If you let them go with your troops into battle, you will be defeated by the enemy no matter how well you fight. God will overthrow you, for he has the power to help you or to trip you up.”
- 2 Chronicles 28:15 Then the four men just mentioned by name came forward and distributed clothes from the plunder to the prisoners who were naked. They provided clothing and sandals to wear, gave them enough food and drink, and dressed their wounds with olive oil. They put those who were weak on donkeys and took all the prisoners back to their own people in Jericho, the city of palms. Then they returned to Samaria.
- 2 Chronicles 28:23 He offered sacrifices to the gods of Damascus who had defeated him, for he said, “Since these gods helped the kings of Aram, they will help me, too, if I sacrifice to them.” But instead, they led to his ruin and the ruin of all Judah.
- Nehemiah 4:10 Then the people of Judah began to complain, “The workers are getting tired, and there is so much rubble to be moved. We will never be able to build the wall by ourselves.”
See every passage
- Leviticus 26:37
- 1 Samuel 2:4
- 2 Chronicles 25:8, 28:15, 28:23
- Nehemiah 4:10
- Job 4:4
- Psalms 9:3, 27:2, 31:10, 64:8, 105:37, 107:12, 109:24
- Proverbs 4:12, 4:16, 4:19, 24:16, 24:17
- Isaiah 3:8, 5:27, 8:15, 28:13, 31:3, 35:3, 40:30, 59:10, 59:14, 63:13
- Jeremiah 6:15, 6:21, 8:12, 18:15, 18:23, 20:11, 31:9, 46:6, 46:12, 46:16, 50:32
- Lamentations 1:14, 5:13
- Ezekiel 33:12, 36:15
- Daniel 11:14, 11:19, 11:33, 11:34, 11:35, 11:41
- Hosea 4:5, 5:5, 14:1, 14:9
- Nahum 2:5, 3:3
- Zechariah 12:8
- Malachi 2:8
Source: Brown, Driver and Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain; markup by unfoldingWord, CC BY (github.com/unfoldingWord/Brown-Driver-Briggs-Enhanced).