Romans 9:12

¹²God told Rebecca, "The firstborn of your twins will take second place."i

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Romans 9 is one of the most theologically charged chapters in the New Testament. Paul, having spent eight chapters laying out the gospel of justification by faith alone, now turns to the anguishing question of why most of his fellow Jews have rejected their own Messiah. He does n

References· Romans 9

a: v.3 — Exodus 32:32, Esther 8:6, Romans 11:14, Galatians 3:10, 1 Corinthians 16:22, Genesis 29:14, 1 Samuel 14:24, 1 Corinthians 12:3, Acts 7:23-26, 1 Samuel 14:44
b: v.4 — Ephesians 2:12, Psalms 147:19, Genesis 17:2, Romans 9:6, Acts 2:39, Deuteronomy 7:6, Exodus 4:22, Hebrews 9:1, Psalms 89:3, Acts 3:25-26
c: v.5 — John 10:30, John 1:1-3, Colossians 1:16-19, Romans 1:25, 1 John 5:20, Romans 1:3, Philippians 2:6-11, 1 Timothy 3:16, Matthew 1:1-17, Isaiah 9:6-7
d: v.6 — Galatians 6:16, Romans 2:28-29, Romans 11:1-2, Romans 4:12-16, Romans 3:3, John 1:47, Isaiah 55:11, Numbers 23:19, Matthew 24:35, John 10:35
e: v.7 — Genesis 21:12, Hebrews 11:18, John 8:37-39, Galatians 4:23, Philippians 3:3, Luke 3:8, Luke 16:24-25, John 8:33, Luke 16:30
f: v.8 — John 1:13, Romans 4:11-16, Galatians 3:26-29, Romans 8:14, Galatians 4:22-31, 1 John 3:1-2, Psalms 87:6, Psalms 22:30, Genesis 31:15
g: v.9 — Genesis 18:10, Genesis 18:14, Genesis 17:21, Genesis 21:2, Hebrews 11:11-12, Hebrews 11:17
h: v.11 — 2 Timothy 1:9, Ephesians 1:4-5, 2 Peter 1:10, Romans 8:28-30, Ephesians 1:9-11, Titus 3:5, Revelation 17:14, 1 Peter 5:10, Isaiah 14:24, 2 Thessalonians 2:13-14
i: v.12 — Genesis 25:22-23, 2 Samuel 8:14, 1 Kings 22:47
j: v.13 — Malachi 1:2-3
k: v.14 — 2 Chronicles 19:7, Psalms 145:17, Deuteronomy 32:4, Revelation 16:7, Psalms 92:15, Job 34:10-12, Job 8:3, Genesis 18:25, Romans 3:5-6, Jeremiah 12:1
l: v.15 — Exodus 33:19, Romans 9:16, Micah 7:18, Romans 9:18-19, Exodus 34:6-7, Isaiah 27:11
m: v.16 — Ephesians 2:8, Philippians 2:13, Matthew 11:25-26, Ephesians 2:4-5, 1 Peter 2:9-10, Titus 3:3-5, Romans 9:11, 1 Corinthians 1:26-31, James 1:18, Luke 10:21
n: v.17 — Exodus 9:16, Proverbs 16:4, Exodus 14:17-18, Exodus 10:1-2, Isaiah 37:20, Exodus 15:14-15, John 17:26, Joshua 9:9, Isaiah 45:1-3, Esther 4:14
o: v.18 — Exodus 4:21, Joshua 11:20, Romans 9:15-16, 2 Thessalonians 2:10-12, Romans 11:7-8, Deuteronomy 2:30, Romans 5:20-21, Exodus 7:13, Acts 28:26-28, Romans 1:24-28
p: v.19 — Daniel 4:35, 2 Chronicles 20:6, 1 Corinthians 15:35, 1 Corinthians 15:12, Mark 14:21, Isaiah 10:6-7, Isaiah 46:10-11, Genesis 50:20, Job 9:12-15, Job 23:13-14
q: v.20 — Isaiah 29:16, Isaiah 45:9-11, Isaiah 64:8, Job 33:13, Job 40:2, Job 36:23, Matthew 20:15, 1 Timothy 6:5, Job 16:3, Job 42:2-6
r: v.21 — Isaiah 64:8, Proverbs 16:4, 2 Timothy 2:20-21, Jeremiah 18:3-6, Acts 9:15, Romans 9:22-23, Romans 9:11, Romans 9:18, Hosea 8:8, Jeremiah 22:28
s: v.22 — Proverbs 16:4, Jude 1:4, Romans 9:21, 1 Peter 2:8, 2 Timothy 2:20, Exodus 9:16, 1 Thessalonians 2:16, Romans 9:17, 2 Peter 2:3, Romans 2:4-5
t: v.25 — Hosea 2:23, 1 Peter 2:10, Ezekiel 16:8, John 16:27, Romans 1:7, Hosea 1:1-2
u: v.26 — Hosea 1:9-10, 1 John 3:1-3, Isaiah 43:6, Romans 8:16, Galatians 3:26, 2 Corinthians 6:18, Matthew 16:16, John 11:52
v: v.27 — Isaiah 10:20-23, Romans 11:4-6, Isaiah 1:9, Hosea 1:10, Jeremiah 5:10, Ezekiel 6:8, Isaiah 11:11, Genesis 22:17, Isaiah 1:1, Micah 5:3-8
w: v.28 — Isaiah 10:23, Acts 17:31, Revelation 19:11, Psalms 9:8, Isaiah 30:12-14, Isaiah 28:22, Daniel 9:26-27, Isaiah 5:16, Matthew 24:21, Psalms 65:5
x: v.29 — Isaiah 1:9, Isaiah 13:19, James 5:4, Amos 4:11, Jeremiah 49:18, Jeremiah 50:40, 2 Peter 2:6, Jude 1:7, Genesis 19:24-25, Deuteronomy 29:23
y: v.30 — Philippians 3:9, Hebrews 11:7, Galatians 2:16, Romans 4:11, Galatians 5:5, Romans 10:20, Romans 10:6, Romans 10:10, Ephesians 2:12, Romans 9:14
z: v.33 — Isaiah 28:16, Isaiah 8:14-15, Romans 10:11, Joel 2:26-27, Psalms 118:22, 1 Peter 2:6-8, Psalms 25:2-3, Romans 5:5, Psalms 25:20, Isaiah 45:17

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